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  • Welcome to GFMD IMPACT
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    • 2025
      • From crisis to opportunity: reimagining media development in the MENA region (Apr. 2025)
        • Meeting Agenda
        • Literature Review
          • Lebanon
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          • Syria
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          • Frameworks, Guidelines and Recommendations
      • Connecting the dots: How to use existing mechanisms to protect media freedom online? (Jan. 2025)
    • 2024
      • GFMD Levant Regional Meeting on Media Support (Dec. 2024)
        • Mapping report
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          • Lebanon
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          • Syria
          • MENA region
          • Frameworks, Guidelines and Recommendations
      • Post-Summit of the Future Updates and Upcoming Opportunities (Nov. 2024)
      • UNDP–GFMD-SFCG Webinar: Media actors and the (de)construction of the ‘other’ (Oct. 2024)
        • Key insights from the meeting
        • Speakers
        • Literature review
      • Advocating for public interest media and journalism (Aug.-Sept.2024)
        • Donor Workshop: Donor Support for Locally Led Journalism and Media Advocacy (Sept. 2024)
          • Meeting agenda
        • Learning Call: Coordinating policy and advocacy working groups (Aug.2024)
          • Meeting agenda
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      • GFMD Regional Meeting for the wider European region (May 2024)
        • Mapping report
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      • GFMD Latin America & Caribbean Summit (May 2024)
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      • Journalism Cloud Alliance Inaugural Meeting (Apr. 2024)
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      • PRIMED (Feb. - Mar. 2024)
        • Key takeaways
        • Workshop 1
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        • Workshop 2
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        • Workshop 3
          • Meeting agenda
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    • 2023
      • MENA regional meeting (Nov. 2023)
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      • National Journalism Funds (July 2023)
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      • Philanthropy for Ukraine (Apr. '23)
      • Summit for Democracy (March. '23)
        • Media Freedom Cohort: key outcomes and findings
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      • National consultations on Media Viability (Jan.- Feb. '23)
        • Lebanon
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    • 2022
      • Challenges and perspectives for media support programs (Nov. '22)
      • World News Media Congress: Media Viability (Sept. '22)
        • Meeting Report
      • Investing in the future of independent journalism (Sept. '22)
        • Investing in independent media to strengthen democracy
        • Exploring new funding models: thinking brave and bold
        • Editorial sustainability: on ownership and media capture
        • Investing in people
        • Agenda
      • IAMCR 2022 (July '22)
      • World Press Freedom Day (Uruguay, May '22)
        • Principles for effective media assistance
        • Safety of journalists in Ukraine
      • Principles for effective mediadev Belgrade (April '22)
        • Coordination and local perspective
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      • MFC Global Conference for Media Freedom (9 Feb. '22)
        • Sustainability & viability
          • How is sustainability defined and measured?
          • Cross-cutting themes
          • Achieving sustainability and viability
          • Initiatives to support media sustainability: an overview for donors and policy
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        • Renewing the principles for effective media support
          • Process of renewing the principles, development and pathways to implementation
          • Three pillars identified in the consultative process so far
          • Donor perspective- improved partnership
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          • Moving forward with the Principles for Effective Media Development
        • Participation in other MFC events
      • Principles for effective mediadev (Jan. '22)
    • 2021
      • Theories of change & impact measurement (March '21)
        • Meeting agenda
        • Case studies
          • Theories of change in media and governance programmes
          • PRIMED - Protecting Independent Media for Effective Development
          • Measuring the impact of investigative reporting
        • Introduction to GFMD IMPACT
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      • Disinformation - Media support (June '21)
        • Introduction (efficacy of MediaDev responses)
        • 1. Identification responses
        • 2. Responses aimed at producers and distributors
        • 3. Impacting production and distribution mechanisms
        • 4. Supporting the target audiences of disinformation campaigns
        • 5. Evaluating counter-disinformation programmes
          • The Challenges of Evaluating Countering Disinformation Programs: A Working Paper (June 2021)
          • Tips for evaluators
        • 6. Research on disinformation
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      • Principles for effective mediadev (Dec. '21)
        • In quotes - What should the principles look like?
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  • GFMD IMPACT BACKGROUND
    • Consultation (2019)
      • Recipient Perceptions of Media Development Assistance: A GFMD Study (Jan. 2019)
      • Donor feedback on GFMD’s concept for a media development policy Hub - (Sept. 2019)
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        • CIMA - Putting Research to Work: Scholars and Practitioners Discuss Greater Collaboration (2016)
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On this page
  • Should we spend less time fighting misinformation and more time “fighting for information”? (Jan. 12, 2022)
  • Mainstream media spreads fake news (November 5, 2021)
  • Western Balkans: Russia's Sputnik skews public opinion (September 29, 2021)
  • Does reading fake news actually change people’s behavior? This Covid-19 study says yes, a bit — but potentially an important bit (June 30, 2021)
  • Strengthen Media Literacy to Win the Fight Against Misinformation (March 2021)
  • What Keeps Fact-Checking Organizations up at Night (March 2021)
  • Critical Information Consumption is Vital to the Future of Democracy: A Paradigm Shift from Media Development to Creating Vibrant Information (2017)
  • WHAT IS MISSING?

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  1. RESOURCES
  2. Articles
  3. Disinformation

Media & information literacy and fact-checking

Articles about the effectiveness of donor and foundation-supported media literacy and fact-checking programmes to address disinformation & information disorder.

PreviousSupport to journalismNextGendered disinformation

Last updated 3 years ago

Was this helpful?

Please note that this resource page focuses on the effectiveness of donor and foundation-supported programmes to support the sustainability and viability of journalism.

It does not attempt to summarise the wealth of material on the sustainability of journalism.

Nieman Lab - LAURA HAZARD OWEN

"Journalists are quick to blame social media for spreading fake news but slow to examine their own role. They work within the web, a networked environment, but seem not to understand how that network works."

Iffy News - BARRETT GOLDING

DK Akademie- THOMAS BREY

“Though Serbia has strong ties with Western Europe, most Serbs consider Russia to be their closest partner. That’s because of the narrative peddled by Kremlin-funded outlets like Sputnik, which dominate the airwaves.”

Nieman Labs - CIARA GREENE

“Some participants even developed false memories about the fake stories they had read…’Remembering’ previously hearing a fake COVID-19 story seemed to make some people in our study more likely to act in a certain way.”

Stanford Social Innovation Review - KRISTIN M. LORD & KATYA VOGT

“If the world is going to stop deliberate or unintentional misinformation and its insidious effects, we need to radically expand and accelerate our counterattacks, particularly human-centered solutions focused on improving people's media and information literacy.”

Center for Media Data and Society

CIMA - ALEKSANDER DARDELI (IREX)

WHAT IS MISSING?

This article summarises some of the findings from a CMDS , which found that fact-checkers find reaching their audience, using social media effectively, gaining credibility, and achieving an impact the most important impact-related challenges in their work.

This resource page is a work in progress. Please get in touch to let us know what is missing .

Mainstream media spreads fake news (November 5, 2021)
Western Balkans: Russia's Sputnik skews public opinion (September 29, 2021)
Does reading fake news actually change people’s behavior? This Covid-19 study says yes, a bit — but potentially an important bit (June 30, 2021)
Strengthen Media Literacy to Win the Fight Against Misinformation (March 2021)
What Keeps Fact-Checking Organizations up at Night (March 2021)
report
Critical Information Consumption is Vital to the Future of Democracy: A Paradigm Shift from Media Development to Creating Vibrant Information (2017)
using this form
Should we spend less time fighting misinformation and more time “fighting for information”?
(Jan. 12, 2022)
LogoShould we spend less time fighting misinformation and more time “fighting for information”?Nieman Lab
LogoMainstream media spreads fake newsIffy.news
LogoRussia's Sputnik battles for public opinion in SerbiaDW.COM
LogoDoes reading fake news actually change people’s behavior? This Covid-19 study says yes, a bit — but potentially an important bitNieman Lab
LogoStrengthen Media Literacy to Win the Fight Against Misinformation (SSIR)
LogoWhat Keeps Fact-Checking Organizations up at Night | CMDS
LogoCritical Information Consumption is Vital to the Future of Democracy: A Paradigm Shift from Media Development to Creating Vibrant InformationCenter for International Media Assistance