> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://impact.gfmd.info/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://impact.gfmd.info/resources/articles/disinformation/media-literacy-fact-checking.md).

# Media & information literacy and fact-checking

{% hint style="danger" %}
Please note that this resource page focuses on **the effectiveness of donor and foundation-supported programmes** to support the sustainability and viability of journalism. 

It does not attempt to summarise the wealth of material on the sustainability of journalism. 
{% endhint %}

## [Should we spend less time fighting misinformation and more time “fighting for information”?](https://www.niemanlab.org/2022/01/should-we-spend-less-time-fighting-misinformation-and-more-time-fighting-for-information/)[ (Jan. 12, 2022)](https://www.niemanlab.org/2022/01/should-we-spend-less-time-fighting-misinformation-and-more-time-fighting-for-information/) 

#### Nieman Lab - LAURA HAZARD OWEN

{% embed url="<https://www.niemanlab.org/2022/01/should-we-spend-less-time-fighting-misinformation-and-more-time-fighting-for-information>" %}

*"Journalists are quick to blame social media for spreading fake news but slow to examine their own role. They work within the web, a networked environment, but seem not to understand how that network works."*

## [Mainstream media spreads fake news (November 5, 2021) ](https://iffy.news/2021/mainstream-media-spreads-fake-news/)

#### Iffy News - BARRETT GOLDING&#x20;

{% embed url="<https://iffy.news/2021/mainstream-media-spreads-fake-news>" %}

## [Western Balkans: Russia's Sputnik skews public opinion (September 29, 2021)](https://www.dw.com/en/western-balkans-russias-sputnik-skews-public-opinion/a-59357427)

#### DK Akademie- THOMAS BREY&#x20;

{% embed url="<https://www.dw.com/en/western-balkans-russias-sputnik-skews-public-opinion/a-59357427>" %}

*“Though Serbia has strong ties with Western Europe, most Serbs consider Russia to be their closest partner. That’s because of the narrative peddled by Kremlin-funded outlets like Sputnik, which dominate the airwaves.”*

## [Does reading fake news actually change people’s behavior? This Covid-19 study says yes, a bit — but potentially an important bit (June 30, 2021)](https://www.niemanlab.org/2021/06/does-reading-fake-news-actually-change-peoples-behavior-this-covid-19-study-says-yes-a-bit-but-potentially-an-important-bit/)

#### Nieman Labs - CIARA GREENE

{% embed url="<https://www.niemanlab.org/2021/06/does-reading-fake-news-actually-change-peoples-behavior-this-covid-19-study-says-yes-a-bit-but-potentially-an-important-bit/>" %}

> “Some participants even developed false memories about the fake stories they had read…’Remembering’ previously hearing a fake COVID-19 story seemed to make some people in our study more likely to act in a certain way.”

## [Strengthen Media Literacy to Win the Fight Against Misinformation (March 2021)](https://ssir.org/articles/entry/strengthen_media_literacy_to_win_the_fight_against_misinformation)

#### Stanford Social Innovation Review - KRISTIN M. LORD & KATYA VOGT

{% embed url="<https://ssir.org/articles/entry/strengthen_media_literacy_to_win_the_fight_against_misinformation>" %}

*“If the world is going to stop deliberate or unintentional misinformation and its insidious effects, we need to radically expand and accelerate our counterattacks, particularly human-centered solutions focused on improving people's media and information literacy.”*

## [What Keeps Fact-Checking Organizations up at Night (March 2021)](https://cmds.ceu.edu/article/2021-03-03/what-keeps-fact-checking-organizations-night) <a href="#page-title" id="page-title"></a>

#### Center for Media Data and Society

{% embed url="<https://cmds.ceu.edu/article/2021-03-03/what-keeps-fact-checking-organizations-night>" %}

This article summarises some of the findings from a  CMDS [report](https://cmds.ceu.edu/sites/cmcs.ceu.hu/files/attachment/article/2006/whatkeepsfact-checkingorganizationsupatnight.pdf), which found that fact-checkers find reaching their audience, using social media effectively, gaining credibility, and achieving an impact the most important impact-related challenges in their work.&#x20;

## [Critical Information Consumption is Vital to the Future of Democracy: A Paradigm Shift from Media Development to Creating Vibrant Information (2017)](https://www.cima.ned.org/blog/critical-information-consumption-vital-future-democracy-paradigm-shift-media-development-creating-vibrant-information/)

**CIMA - ALEKSANDER DARDELI (IREX)**

{% embed url="<https://www.cima.ned.org/blog/critical-information-consumption-vital-future-democracy-paradigm-shift-media-development-creating-vibrant-information/>" %}

## WHAT IS MISSING?

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This resource page is a work in progress. Please get in touch to let us know what is missing [using this form](https://forms.gle/ZAjDBxAk2D3V5Bes8).&#x20;
{% endhint %}


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